William c



@nit-eh tetra @anni 'ffice IMPROVEMENT IN HAND-CULTIVATORS.

ttttbrtnle retentir tu in ttesi sters uent mit mtkitg satt nf the same.

TO ALL vWHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM C. GOODWI, of the ,town of Hamden, in the county of New Haven, and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Hand-Cultivators; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exactvdcscriptionrof the construction, character, and operation of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which make part of this specification, in which-'- Figure 1 is aperspective view of the cultivator complete-and ready for use.

Figure 2 is a perspective view-of one of the cultivator-blades, attached to the shank,iupper side down, showing the guide or keel on the under side of the foot of the stock.l to which the blade is attached.

Figure 3 is a perspective view ofone ofthe blades when attached to the under sideof the foot ofthe stock, showing the guiding shape of the stock. i

Figure 4 is a plan of the frame V(Lito which I attach'thc Shanks or stocks of. the cultirator-blades.

My improvement consists in attaching the frame C, which holds the cultivator-blades, to the main frame G, (to which attach the wheel and han dle,) by means of two hooks or journals fitting into eyes or holes, (like hook-and-eye hinges,)A and one binding-screw, with its head or cap; and in the method of adjusting the depth of the running of the blades, by means of two setscrews and the before-mentionedbinding-screw; and in the construction and operation of the that of' the stocks, to -which the blades are attached, that is, with the guide or keel 4on the bottom or sole of each foot, (like 'a skate 3) and in the manner of attaching the handle to the main frame, and adjusting it te the proper height for the person using it. k

I make the tractioii-wheel A of cast iron, or any other suitable material, with a broad tread or web, B, so that it may roll smoothly over the surface of the ground, and with an axis, terminating in two journals, which work in suitable bearings at the ends of the two bars a and b` of the frame G, as indicated atc, all as represented in fi 1.

g1 make the mainframe G, (to which I attach the wheel'A and frame 0,) of cast iron, or any other suitable material, of two bars or shafts, as a and b, with a broad cross-bar, d, to connect them; and to the front endof each of the bars a and b I attach a suitable bearing for theV journal of the axis of the wheel A; 'and near the front part of the cross-bar d I cast or fit two ears with holes in them, to 'serve as eyes to receive the hooks. or journal e and e', iig. 4, of the frame C, one of which ears is shown at e and in the central part of the'rear edge I cast or cut a space to receive the head of the binding-screw f, as represented at g', all as shown in iig.`1; and ou the centreofthe cross-bar oZ I cast or t a. tongue, as z, to which I attach a handle, D, by means o f a 4jointpin, z, making it adjustable rertically by means of the set-screw j, which works in a vertical slot in the tongue h to adjust it tothe height ot' the .person using it.

I make the frame' to which I attach the cultivator-blades, of cast iron, or any other suitable material, sul stantially iu the-shape' or form shown at G, iig. 1, and in plan in iig. 4. On the front edge of this frame 0,1 cast or fit two-hooks or journals, as shown inplan at e-and e', iig. 4, to pass into the eyes or holcs'in the ears of the bar d, as indicated at e, g. 1, in the same `way as. hookand-eye hinges are put together; and near the rear edge I cast or cut slots, us k Z C m, for the upper ends of the'shanks, as in'g. 2. When I use three blades, as n op, I generally use the slotsk and m, and when I use'two-blades, the slots l and C, in each of whichslotsI can adjust the stocks q and r of the'bladesn and p as to extreme width of cut or space between the rows; and when I use three blades, or only one, I use the one in the centre, as'shown at s t, iig. 1i i I makethe Shanks or-stocks q t r ofA malleable cast iron, or any othersuitable material; and, to give the' greatest degree of strength withthe least weight, I make them broad and thin, and bring them essentially to an edge in front, as indicated at u, g. 2, and w, fig. 3, so that they will pass freely through the ground; and on the bottom of the foot I form a guide-or keel, as represented at v, iig. 2, which will prevent the cultivator from being thrown out of its course by small obstructions; and it also tends to strengthen the heel of the stock; and, if thought best f or any reason, the blade may be attached to the under side 'of the foot, as shown in iig. 3, when the broad part of stock, at u', will steady the blade, as well as strengthen the shank or stock.

i I cast orv shape vthe upper `end of-the shank or stock so that it will move freely inthe slots k l C m, and 'cut a thread on the extreme end, as shown at u', g. 2, to receive a nut, as shown near k, s, and m, iig. 1,;by`means of which I secure the s'hanks or stocks to the frame C. i

i I make the blades, of steel, or any othersuitable material, substantially of" the shape shown at ji, figs; 1 and 2, and secure-them to the feet of the stocks by rivets orany other conveniept means.

I attach theframe C to the main frame G by passing the hooks or journals e and e", iig. 4, of the' freine C into the eyes or holes inl the ears of the bar d, as indicated at e, tig. 1, that is, in the same manner that hook. and-eye hinges are put together; and I secure the frame in position by passing the head of the binding-screw f into the space q in the bar d,`and binding it there by turning up the nut .z until' the set-screws :c and y' bear firmly against the outer corners of the bar d, all as shown in g. 1.

To graduate the depth to which thc blades will run under the surface, I insert two set-screws, as shown at a: and y, (the positions eof which are indicated in plan at :c and y, g. 4,) which, (being tapped into the frame 0,)

f turned down, and the nut'z turned up, the rear edge of the frame C will bre elevated, gxnd the points cfthe blades 'n o 'p will be depressed, and vice versa.

Having made the several parts, and connected and adjustedA them as before described, I take hold of the cross-bar E oi' the handle D, and push the whole apparatus forward between the rows, when-the wheel will rollover the surfaceof the ground, and the blades will pass into the groundto the extent desired, when they will assume a horizontal position parallel with the level of the bottom of the wheel, or any other guide which may be used. f

If found more'convenient, the handle D may be *made double or forked, or t-wo separate handles may be used; and, if any one should desire to draw the apparatus by the handle instead oi' pushing it, the blades with their shanks may be reversed in theslots; and, if found more convenient at any time, the cultivator may be drawn by a horse, either with or Ywithout additional shafts. Y

What I claim as my invention, and desirel to secure by Letters Patent, is-f- 1. The combination of the frame C with. frame G r, and the set-screws z" and y, and binding-screw f, when they are constructed, arranged, and fitted for adjusting the blades, substantially as herein described and set forth.` 4

2; The combination ofthe blade with the foot and shank, when the foot is made with a keel, like v, to guide the blade and strengthen the shank, substantially as herein described and set forth.

A3; The combination ofthe handle D with the frame Gr, when the handle is made adjustable by means ofthe tongue h and sct-screw j, and the whole is constructed, combined, and fitted for use vsubstantially as herein described and set forth.

vW. C. GOODWIN.

Witnesses:

JEROME B. LUcKE, R. FITZGERALD. 

